Pump and control therefor



July 10, 1962 Filed Dec. 9, 1960 H. F. EVERETT 3,043,227

PUMP AND CONTROL THEREFOR 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 F/ 6 2 INVENTOR.

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PUMP AND CONTROL THEREFOR Filed Dec. 9, 1960 1 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. 6642f f'iA/V/f [VIPETI' July 10, 1962 H. F. EVERETT PUMP AND CONTROL THEREFOR 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Dec. 9, 1960 United States Patent 3,843,227 PUMP AND (IONTRQL TEEREFGR Hazen F. Everett, 129 Bedford Road, Hillsdale, NJ. Filed Dec. 9, 1960, Ser. No. 74,969 6 Claims. (til. 103-38) This invention relates to pumps and more particularly to controls therefor. V

it is an object of the invention to provide an improved pump embodying improved controls.

It is a further object of the invention to provide improved means for controlling the displacement of a reciprocating element of a pump;

Still another object of the invention is to provide means for controllably establishing a means position about which a fluid displacement element in a pump can be reciprocated.

A further object of the invention is to provide a pump having means for facilitating priming and minimizing the amount of priming fluid necessary.

Yet another object of the invention is to provide an improved pump which is especially suitable for use in extracorporeal blood circulation systems as are employed incident to heart surgery.

Another object of the invention is to provide means for simultaneously varying the stroke and volume displacement of a pump.

In achieving the above and other of its objectives, the invention contemplates the provision of a pump having relatively rigid and relatively deformable members cooperatively defining a pump chamber, there being provided means coupled to the deformable member to reciprocate the same towards and away from the rigid member to effect a pumping operation, there being further provided means operatively associated with the aforenoted means for varying the distance through which the deformable member is reciprocated and for controllably establishing a mean position about which said deformable member is reciprocated.

A feature of the invention, which will become apparent hereunder, is the technique employed for coupling a manual control to a reciprocating member for controlling the latter while avoiding interference with the free movement thereof.

A further feature of the invention, as will also become apparent hereinafter, is a technique employedwhereby a reciprocating member is supported on a reciprocating shaft.

Still another feature of the invention is the specific structure provided for establishing a mean position about which resilient diaphragms are reciprocated.

Yet another feature of the invention is the specific structure provided whereby a simultaneous control is effected with respect to pump stroke and location of the stroke, this control being possible with the pump in motion or static.

Still another feature of the invention resides in the specific structure provided for connecting a source of reciprocating power to the reciprocating member driven thereby so as to vary the stroke of the latter.

Other objects and features, as well as advantages of the invention, will be found in the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention as illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which:

FIGURE 1 is a perspective and partially diagrammatic View of a pump embodying the control of this invention;

FIGURE 2 is an axial, sectional view of the pump proper illustrating a part of the control equipment installed therein;

FIGURE 3 is a side view of the pump and control, the housing of the latter being partially broken away to show a part of the control structure;

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stroke and/ or mean position about which the stroke is effective, can be controlled.

in MG. 1, which is a perspective view, partially diagrammatical, is illustrated a support 10 on which is mounted a source 12 of reciprocating or oscillating power. Included by the source 12 .is a linearly reciprocating shaft 14, slidably supported by members 16 and 18. Re-

ciprocation is effected in directions indicated by arrow 2%. I

Also generally indicated in FIG. 1 is a pump 22, the details of which will become apparent hereinafter, upon which is mounted a control 24, the details of which will also'be hereinafter explained in greater detail.

A yoke 26 is mounted on support 10 in such a manner as to provide for clamping various components of pump 22 together, as will next be seen with reference to FIG. 2.

In FIG. 2 is shown a generally cylindrical casing or hollow frame 28 having open ends 3!) and 32. on casing 28 at 'the ends thereof are relatively flexible, resilient and deformable members 34 and 36, so shaped as to fit over the ends of casing 28 in the nature of end caps.

Operatively disposed with respect to deformable members 314- and 36 are relatively rigid members 33 and 40 which are generally conical or concave in shape and which support resilient diaphragms 42 and 44. V For purposes of explaining the instant invention, elements 34 and 42 and 36 and 44 respectively, will be considered as deformable members since the cooperation between these members is not essential to understanding the control which is the subject matter of. this disclosure. Indeed, with respect to these members, it is sufficient to note that the associated relatively deformable and relatively rigid members cooperatively define pumping chambers 46 and 48 provided with inlet and outlet openings 59 and 52, and 54 and 56, respectively, with which are associated one-way valves 57.

it will be readily appreciated from what has been stated above that a flexing of the relatively deformable mem bers towards the associated rigid members will cause fluid to be drawn intothe associated pumping chamber and discharged therefrom, the rigid members 38 and 40 being held in position by clamping members 58 and as, respectively.

Reciprocating motion is imparted to the relatively deformable members through the structure 62 located centrally and internally with respect to the frame 23. The reciprocation imparted through structure 62 is derived from shaft 14 (FIG. 1) and is indicated by arrow 6%.

Structure 62 includes threaded screws 66 and 68 provided respectively with heads 70 and 72, imbedded in members 34 and 36. Screws 66 and 68' are threadably accommodated in push rods 74 and 76 from which the screws are detachable.

Push rods 74 and 76 are respectively provided with external threads 78 and 8t and are threadably accommodated within sleeves 82 and 84, a rotation of which therefore effects an axial displacement of push rods 74 and 7'6.

Sleeves 82. and 84 are threadably connected with each other through the intermediary of thread 86, this connec tionbeing fixed by means of a pin 88 accessible through holes 9%? and 92.

Since sleeves $2 and 84 are afiixed to each other, they 7 ?ai:ented July 1%, 1952 I Mounted rod 74.

will rotate about their common axis in the same direction when subjected to a rotating force.

To provide for a movement of push rods 74 and 76 in'opposite. directions (i.e., both moving either; outwardly or inwardly. at the same time), thread 7 Sis right handed, whereas thread 80 isleft handed, or vice versa. As a result, the common direction of rotation shared by sleeves 82 and 84 will have'the efiect of moving push rods 74' and 76* either out- Wardly or inwardly.

Sleeves 82 and 8-4 are mounted for rotation in roller bearings 94 and 96 respectively, theseroller hearings, in

- turn, being supported by support members 98 and 109. 1

Support members 28' and .100 are aifixed to a bracket 102 orthe like which is part of an assembly, the details i of which will be provided hereinafter.

119, the ends 112 and 114 of which are better illustrated x in FIG. 5, wherein it is seen, for example, that end 112 includes downwardly depending legs 116 and113 defining a slot 126 through which extends a portion of push Push rod 74 (and also corresponding push rod 76) is provided with a flattened portionaccommodated by slot 121; which prevents rotation of push rod 74 so that rotation of the associated sleeve 82 results in an axial rather 7 than rotational displacement of said push rod.

From what has been stated above, it is clear' that a rotation of gear 104about its axis results in a displacement of heads 76 and 72 through the intermediary of 7 push rods 74 and 7 6. This, in turn, establishes a mean position for each of the deformable members about which saidv deformable members are reciprocated as indicated by arrow. 64. Stated otherwise, the above structure provides for establishing the positions of heads 70 and 72 ,relativeto rigid members 38 and 40 for any given magnitnde of pump stroke effected by structure 62. A control of this magnitude is, however,'also provided for by the control of the invention as will next be seen with reference to FIGSL3 and 4. r

' In FIG. 3 is seen the support 10, the pump 22 and the control 24, as well as other associated components which have been indicated above.

Part of the control of the invention consists of a casing 122 mounted'on pump 22 and in turn supporting a manotally connected to disc 126 by means of a universal cou-v pling 132 and which, in turn, supports a universal coupling 134. Assernbly 136 includes rods 136 and 138 connected through the intermediary of a slotted sleeve 14%} and a pin 142 which cooperatively, render the assembly extensible.

The adjustmentafforded by manual control 124 is converted into rotation of gear 104' (FIG. 2) and into an adjustment of the pump structure as will be shown. Before proceeding to an explanation of this adjustment in relation to FIG. 4, however, attention is directed in FIG. 3 to the further features whereby on shaft 14 is slidab'ly mounted a control or support sleeve 144 supported by means of linear ball bearings 146 which permit the sleeve 14-4 to be shifted axially with respect to shaft 14 and the indicator arm 148 to 'be shifted relative to indicator index 156 for indicating stroke magnitude.

in FIG. 4 is seen universal coupling 134 to which is 'pivotaliy afiixed a control rod 152. Control rod 152 suppivots in this lever system. a 1

. 4 ports a helical gear154 which engages helical gear 104 (diagrammatically indicated in FIG. 4).

It will be clear that a rotation of disc'126 operates through universal coupling 136 to rotate control rod 152 which,1-beingkeyed to helical gear 154, rotates the same to rotate helical gear 104. V

Control rod 152 is further provided with threaded: portion 156, which in turn isengaged by a threaded member 158 which is axially displaceable along said control rod. Threaded member 158 is part of a driven member including pivots 165) and 162 on which are mounted rollers 164 and 166. These rollers areslidably accommodated in slots 168 and 170' provided in levers ordriving members 172 and 174. a

Pivots 176 and 178 are mounted on frame'23 by means of brackets 180 and 182-and levers 172 and 174 include depeuding'arms 184 and 1186 which are connected together by threaded bolt 1 88.

In arms 184 and 186 are provided slots 19% and 192 in which are accommodated rollers 194' and 196, these rollers having a common shaft 198. Shaft 198 is accommodated in a bracket 200 in turn mounted on shaft 14.

Bracket 162 (FIG. 2) is part of a rigid'assembly including arm 202 (FIG. 4), in turn rigidly afiixed to control sleeve 144 which, as noted above, is reciprocable or slidable on shaft 14. M a

I From what has beenstated above, it will be seen that a reciprocating movement of shaft -14 perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 4 is conveyed via shaft 198 and rollers 194 and 196 to arms 184 and 186, which are thus pivoted about pivots 176 and 178 which constitute the only fixed The resulting pivoting of levers 172 and, 174 is imparted via pivots 160 and I162 to threadedfmember 158 and the movement of pivots 160 and 1621s imparted to arm 202 which is provided with a slot 204 within which threaded member 158 is accommodated. The, arcuate movement of levers 172 and 174 is converted into a linear reciprocating movement of bracket 102 so that the push rods 74 and 76 FIG. 2) are given alinear movement as indicated by arrow 64. r

The'maguitude of this linear movement is adjustable since, as implied above, the effective leveranm'length for pivots 160 and 162 relative to pivots 176 and 178 is adjustable since pivots '160 and '162 are supported on member 158'. V p V From what has been stated above, it will be seen that a rotation of disc 126 effects a rotation of control rod 152 which simultaneously rotates gear 154 and displaces threaded member 158. The effecting of these functions in turn controls the position of push rods 74 and 76 relative to sleeves 82 and 84 (FIG. 2) and the position of threaded member 158 in slot 294 and therefore the position of rollers 164 and 166 in slots 168 and 170 to control the magnitude of pump stroke.

From the above, it will beseen that the invention contemplates a pump comprising a relatively'iigid member having an'inlet opening and an outlet opening with a relatively deformable member in operative association with the rigid member to define a pump chamber therewith, there being means coupled to the resilient member for reciprocating the same towards and awayfrom the rigid member to effect a pumping action, there being furnext be discussed.

The position'of pivots and 162 relative to pivots 176 and 178 as controlled by threaded portion 156 on control rod 152 determines the distance of reciprocal travel of pivots 160 and 162. Pivots 160 and 162 when moved closer to pivots 176 and 178 travel a lesser distance along their reciprocal paths than when moved further from pivots 176 and 178. The distance .travelled by pivots 160 and 162 is the pump stroke.

At the same time, rotation of control rod 152, as noted above, causes the extension or retraction of push rods 74 and 76. The positions of push rods 74 and 76, and therefore of diaphragms 42 and 44, determine volumetric displacement of the pump.

The disposition (i.e., pitch and direction) of the threads on elements 156, 154, 104, 74 and 76 arechosen so that a minimum volumetric displacement (i.e., maximum extension of push rods 74 and 76) occurs for a minimum pump stroke (i.e., pivots 16d and 162 closest to pivots 176 and 17S) and so that a maximum volumetric displacement occurs for a maximum pump stroke and so that volumetric displacement varies in proportion to the pump stroke. 1

As a result of the above-noted synchronizing or cor relation of the controls or adjustments, diaphragms 42 and 44 can be controlled to have an unchanging depth of penetration into rigid members '38 and 40 which is independent of magnitude of volumetric displacement or pump stroke and these latter magnitudes are simultaneously adjustable, the change of stroke compensating for changes of volumetric displacement as the latter is adjusted.

The magnitude of depth of penetration of diaphragms 42 and 44 is according to the invention selected to be a practical maximum (MDP, FIG. 2) so that as complete an evacuation as possible of chambers 46 and 43 is provided. Stated otherwise, although diaphragms 42 and 44 may have variable distances of travel, they'always reach a certain predetermined position relative to. the associated rigid members which position preferably aflords maximum chamber evacuation.

Due to the complete evacuation of chambers 46 and 48, the amount of fluid'required in the pumping system is minimized. This is especially important in blood pumping systems employed in heart surgery.

Due to the continuous control of volumetric displacement available, it is possible to initiate a pumping operation with a minimum amount of priming fluid and subsequently to increase gradually the quantity of fluid pumped per pump stroke. This is also important in heart surgery.

Due to the control of stroke simultaneously with volumetric displacement, it is possible to maintain constant, the degree of evacuation of chambers 46 and 48 as noted above.

The two types of control noted above may be eifected separately if desired, but the illustrated simultaneously eflfected control is the type preferred in accordance with the invention since it is especially suited for extracorporeal blood circulation systems employed incident to heart surgery.

There will now be obvious to those skilled in the art many modifications and variations of the structure set forth above. These modifications and variations will not, however, depart from the scope of the invention if defined by the following claims.

What is claimed is:

l. A pump comprising a generally cylindrical frame having open ends, relatively deformable and flexible diaphragms on the frame at said ends, relatively rigid members on the frame at the ends thereof and defining with said deformable members pump chambers, said relatively rigid members having inlet and outlet openings defined therein, a reciprocating shaft spaced from and parallel with said frame, pivot means fixed relative to said frame between the frame and said shaft, driving means pivotaole on said pivot means and connected to said shaft for 6 being driven by the latter, driven means connected to said. driving means at an adjustable distance from said pivot means whereby the distancev of travel of said driven means is variable, a rigid assembly slidably supported on said shaft and connected to said driven means so as to be driven with the latter, rods threada'bly engaged with and supported on said rigid'assembly and positioned between said flexible diaphragms and having connection with the same whereby the flexible diaphragms are reciprocated towards and away from the associated rigid members to effect a pumping action, and control means coupled with said rods to control the threaded engagement of the same with said rigid assembly and thereby establishing a mean position for the reciprocation of said resilient members.

2. A pump comprising a hollow frame having open ends,'relatively deformable and flexible diaphragms on the frame at said ends, relatively rigid members on the frame at the ends thereof and defining with said deformable members pump chambers, a reciprocating shaft spaced from said frame, pivot means fixed relative to said frame between the frame and said shaft, driving means pivotable on said pivot means and connected to said shaft for being driven by the latter, driven means slidably coupled to said driving means at an adjustable distance from said pivot means whereby the distance of travel of said driven means is variable, a rigid assembly connected to said driven means so as to be driven with the latter, rods threada-bly engaged with and supported on said rigid assembly and positioned between said flexible diaphragms and having connection with the same whereby the flexible diaphragms are reciprocated towards and away from the associated rigid members to effect a pumping action, and control means coupled with said rods to control the threaded engagement of the same with said rigid assembly 7 and thereby establish a mean position for the reciprocation of said flexible diaphragms, said control means being further coupled to said driven member and adjusting the distance thereof from said pivot means whereby the magnitude of reciprocation of said rod is varied; said control means comprising a manual control supported on said frame, a rod assembly of adjustable length-connected to and rotatable by said manual control, a universal coupling connected to said rod assembly, a control rod coupled to said rod assembly and rotatable thereby, a helical gear on said control rod, a second helical gear operatively coupled with the first said rods for rotating the same, said helical gears being engaged so that rotation of the control rod controls the positions of the first said rods, said control rod including a threaded portion, and a threaded member engaging said threaded portion for displacement therealong, said threaded member being coupled to said driven means and engaging said threaded portion for selective displacement towards and away from said pivot means whereby the magnitude of reciprocation of said rods is controlled. i

3. A pump comprising a frame having open ends, relatively deformable and flexible diaphragms at said ends, relatively rigid members defining pump chambers with said deformable members, a reciprocating member spaced from said frame, pivot means fixed between the frame and said reciprocating member, driving means pivotable on said pivot means and connected to said reciprocating member for being driven by the latter, driven means slidably connected to said driving means at an adjustable distance from said pivot means whereby the distance of travel of said driven means is variable, a driven assembly connected to said driven means so as to be driven with the latter, rods threadably engaged with and supported on said driven assembly and positioned between said flexible diaphragms and having connection with the same whereby the flexible diaphragms are reciprocated towards and away from the associated rigid members to effect a pumping action, and control means coupled with said rods to control the threaded engagement of the same with said driven assembly, said control means being further coupled to manual control fixed relative to said frame, a rod assembly of adjustable length connected to and rotatable by said manual control, a universal coupling connected to said rod assembly, a'control rod coupled to said universal 7 coupling and rotatable thereby, a helical gearon said control rod, a second helical gear operatively coupled with the first said rods for rotating the same, said helical gears being engaged so that rotation of the control rod controls the positions of the first said rods, said control rod in-' pivot means fixed relative to said frame, driving means pivotable on said pivot means, and connected to said shaft for being driven by the latter, driven means connected to said driving means at an adjustable distance from said pivot means whereby said driven meansthas a variable distance of travel, rods threadably engaged with and supported on said driven means and positioned between said flexible vdiaphragrns and havingconnection with the latter whereby the flexible diaphragms are reciprocated towards and way from theassociated rigid members to effect a Q pumping action, a manual control fixed relative to said frame, a rodassembly of adjustable length connected to v and rotatable by said manual control, a universal coupling connected to said rod assembly, a control rod coupled to said universalcoupling and rotatable thereby,

a gear on' said control rod, and a second gear foperatively coupled with the first said rods for rotating and axially displacing the same, said control rods including a threaded portion, said drivenmember threadably engaging said threaded portion for displacement therealong whereby the distance betweenthe driven member and pivot means is 1 adjusted r 5. A pump comprising a generally cylindrical frame having open ends, relatively deformableand flexible diadrivenwith'thelatter, rods threadably engaged with and supported, on said rigid assembly and positioned between said flexible diaphragms and having connection with the same whereby the flexiblediaphragms are reciprocated 7 towards and away from the associated rigid members to effect a pumping action, a manual control supported on said frame, a rod assembly of adjustable length connected to and rotatable by said manual control, a universalcoupling connected to said rod assembly, a control rod coupled to said universal coupling and rotatable thereby, a helical gear on said control rod, a second helical gear operatively coupled with the first said rods for rotating the same, said helical gears being engaged so that rotation of the control rod controls the'positions of the first said rods, and thereby establishes mean positibns about which said flexible diaphragms are reciprocated. 1 6. .A pumpcomprising a generally cylindrical frame having open ends, relatively deformable and flexible diaphragms on the frame and covering said ends, relatively rigid members on the frame at the ends thereof and defining with said deformable members pump chambers, said relatively rigid members having inlet and outlet openings defined therein, a reciprocating shaft spaced from and parallel with said frame, pivot means fixed on said frame between the frame and said shaft driving means pivotable on said pivot means and connected to said shaft for being driven by the latter, driven means slidably con- 1 nected to said dniving means, a rigid assembly slidably supphragms on the frame and coveringsaid ends, relatively rigid members on the frame at the ends thereof and defining; with said deformable members pump chambers,

said relatively rigid members having inlet and outlet openings defined therein,'a reciprocating shaft spaced from and parallel with said frame, pivot means fixed on said frame between the frame and said shaft, driving means pivotable on said pivot means and connected to said shaft for being driven by the latter, driven means connected to said driving means, a rigid assembly'slidably supported on said shaft and connected to said driven means so as to be ported on said shaft and connected to said driven means so as torbe .driven with the latter, rods supported on said rigid assembly and positioned between said flexible diaphragrns and having connection with the same whereby the flexible diaphragms are reciprocated towards and varied.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,494,764 Wishart; May 20, 1924 2,039,848 Howland-Shearman May 5, 1936 "2,240,371 Linch et al. Apr. 29, 1941 2,548,738 Orlich et al Apr. 10, 1951 2,699,119 Healey Jan. 11, 1955 2,747,509 Pool 1 May 29, 1956 FOREIGN PATENTS 870,268 France Dec. 5, 1941 

